Screen Reader Access
AICRP on Groundnut
(AICRP-Groundnut)

Achievements

  • A high yielding (2.8 tons of pod; 1.8 tons of kernel) Spanish bunch groundnut variety GJG 32 (ICGV 03043) with high oil (50%) content, early maturity (110 days) has been released for supplementary irrigated situation in kharif season in the states of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and southern Maharashtra.

  • A Spanish bunch variety, TCGS 1157 possessing high yield 2.6 tons of pod 1.8 tons of medium bold (47 g/100 kernel) kernels has been released for the states of Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh in kharif season
  • One Spanish Bunch variety, JL 1085 which exhibited superiority for pod and kernel yield over the best checks of the zone, Vijetha (R 2001-2) and R 2001-3 (Ajeya) having tolerance to rust and late leaf spot diseases and Spodoptera and thrips has been identified for zone V comprising Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka for kharif season as a replacement to the existing popular check varieties.
  • A high yielding (2.8 tons of pod; 1.8 tons of kernel) Spanish bunch groundnut variety GJG 33 (ICGV 07222) with high oil (50%) content with medium maturity (115 days) has been released for irrigated situation of rabi-summer season in the states of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.
  • A high yielding (2.7 tons of pod) Spanish bunch groundnut variety ALG 06-320 with high oil (50%) content, medium maturity (115 days) and having tolerance to PBND has been released for irrigated situation of rabi-summer cultivation in the states of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.
  • K 1719, a very high yielding (3.1 tons of pod; 1.8 tons of kernel) Spanish bunch groundnut variety with large seeds (54g/100 kernels) and high shelling outturn (70%) content with medium maturity (115 days) has been released for irrigated situation of rabi-summer season in the states of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.
  • TCGS 894 a Spanish Bunch variety was distinctly superior for pod and kernel yields over both National (TAG 24) and Zonal the check varieties (R 8808 and ICGV 00350) and exhibited high shelling outturn (70%) and oil recovery when compared with check varieties has been identified for cultivation in rabi-summer season in Zone IIIa comprising the states of Tamil Nadu, Telengana and Andhra Pradesh.
  • The variety KDG 160 (a Spanish Bunch variety) which gave higher dry pod yield (3400 kg/ha) over three years of testing which is 28 to 54% higher over the zonal checks (TAG 24, R 8808 and ICGV 00350) and qualifying varieties JL 776, K 1719, AG 2008-11 and AG-2008-1. The oil content of this variety is also high (51.4%)
  • One erect type, Dh 256 (Spanish Bunch) variety for southern Peninsula (Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Telengana) region and two high high Oleate (~78%) Girnar-4 (ICGV 15083) and Girnar-5 (ICGV 15090) semi-spreading (Virginia Bunch) varieties have been identified for release and notification for cultivation in kharif season.
  • The variety, Dh 256 developed by UAS Dharwad, recorded 3258 kg of pod and 2183 kg of kernel per ha which is 16% superior in kernel yield over the best check variety R 2001-2 and 20% over R 2001-3 and 37% over the recently released check variety, GJG 32. This variety exhibited tolerance to rust and LLS and to Spodoptera and thrips.
  • Girnar-4 (ICGV 15083) and Girnar-5 (ICGV 15090): Both the varieties proposed by ICAR-DGR Junagadh were first of their kind in India possessing high Oleate (~78%) content and recommended  for cultivation in kharif season in Tamil Nadu, AP, Karnataka, and Gujarat. The variety Girnar 4 possessed 78.5% oleic acid with an increase of 6%, 63.8% and 44.9%, respectively over those of check varieties GPBD 4, TG 37A and ICGV 03043; while the other candidate variety, Girnar-5 has recorded 78.4% oleic acid with an increase of 70.2%, 63.4% and 44.6%, respectively over those of the check varieties GPBD 4, TG 37A and ICGV 03043.
  • The variety, Girnar 4 has recorded higher dry pod (3118 kg/ha) yield with increase of 41% and 57%, respectively over the two check varieties, TG37A and GPBD 4 and Girnar 5 has recorded a high dry pod (3124 kg/ha) yield with increase of 37% and 53%, respectively over these two check varieties although both the varieties were marginally low in pod and kernel varieties over the best check ICGV 03042 (GJG 32) across the six test centres.
  • 60 wild Arachis accessions representing six sections of the genus Arachis: section Arachis (40 accessions); Erectoides (12 accessions); Caulorhizae (2 accessions); Rhizomatosae (2 accessions); Extranervosae (2 accessions); and Heteranthae (2 accessions) are being maintained in the field gene bank at Vridhachalam.
  • In the same centre, a field gene bank comprising four allotriploids {(A. hypogaea cv. VRI 4 x (A. correntina X A. helodes); A. hypogaea cv.  VRI 2 x A. correntina; A. hypogaea cv.  VRI 2 x A. kempff-mercadoi and A. hypogaea cv. VRI 2 x A. cardenasii}; three auto-tetraploids developed from two diploid species of the section Arachis (A. villosa and A. stenosperma and one species from the section Erectoides viz. A. rigonii); 11 amphidiploids (2n=4x=40) obtained through direct hybridisation between diploid wild species and tetraploid cultivated species  were also being field maintained  were being field maintained.
  • Four thousand one hundred and forty-six (4146) germplasm accessions are being maintained at 11 centres. This included 60 wild accessions; 19 interspecific derivatives; exotic collection; 2834 Spanish bunch accessions; 53 Valencia accessions; 810 Virginia Bunch accessions; 374 Virginia Runner accessions; and four other germplasm accessions.
  • Few promising genotypes, soil borne (stem rot and collar rot) diseases (K 1812, JL 1176, CS-319, JL-977, JL-977, HNG-10, HNG-10, ICGV-86325, CS-19, GG-16) and earliness with fresh seed dormancy (TCGS 1157, TCGS 1694, VG 13127, VG 13149, VRI 8).
  • During 2017-2019, DAC indents to the tune of 32003.55q of breeder seeds were received for 50 improved groundnut varieties. Based on the availability of nucleus/breeder seed stage I, a production target of 31684.36 q was assigned to 21 centres. An over-all production of 35,789.04q of groundnut breeder seeds of 50 improved groundnut varieties were achieved during 2017-19.
  • Management of PBND through integration of different modules: The damage of thrips and PBND was reported to be lowest, with highest pod and haulm yield from module 2 at Kadiri, Pavagada, Raichur and Tirupati. {Module 2: Border crop with bajra (4 rows) + Seed treatment with Gaucho 600 FS @1 mL/Kg seeds + Foliar sprays using Thiocloprid 480 SC @ 0.3 mL/L at 20-25 DAS followed by Fipronil 5SC @ 1 mL/L @ 40DAS and Acetamaprid 20 SP @ 0.2 g/L at 60 DAS}.
  • Over three years pooled data received from centres “Deep summer ploughing with mouldboard plough, then soil application of Trichoderma sp. @ 4 kg/ha enriched in 250 kg FYM/ha as basal application, then seed treatment with Tebuconazole 1.5 g/kg seed followed by PGPR @ 625 g/per ha of seed, then again soil application of Trichoderma sp. @ 4 kg/ha enriched in FYM @ 250 kg/ha at 35 and 70 DAS, has effectively reduced incidence of soil borne diseases with higher ICBR, over popular farmers’ practice in four centres/states viz. Aliyarnagar (Tamilnadu), Kadiri (Andhra Pradesh), Raichur (Raichur) and Jalgaon (Maharashtra).
  • Seed treatment with Chlorpyriphos @12ml/kg or Imidacloprid 600FS @2ml/kg were found effective in managing white grub species from 63-72% at Junagadh (Gujarat) with ICBR of 1:48 and 83-92% at Dharwad (Karnataka) with ICBR of 1:34.9
  • Seed treatment with Tebuconazole 2DS @ 1.5 g/kg seeds followed by Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystobin 25% WG @ 1.32 g/L (0.035%) at 40 and 65 DAS in managing LLS (75%), Rust (65%) at Dharwad (Karnataka) with ICBR of 1:10; ELS (68%), LLS (70%), Rust (67%) at Pavagada (Karnataka) with ICBR of 1:8; and ELS (68%), LLS (60%) at Raichur (Karnataka) with ICBR of 1:1.9. LLS (61%), Rust (52%), ALB (46%) at Vridhachalam (Tamilnadu) with ICBR of 1:3.97
  • Seed treatment with Tebuconazole 2 DS @ 1.5 g/kg seed + Border crop with bajra (3 or 4 rows) + Need based spray of Thiodicarb 75 WP @ 1 g/L for defoliator 50-70 DAS + Need based spray of Hexaconazole 5 EC @ 1 mL/L 50-70 DAS was effective at Dharwad (Karnataka) in managing diseases like Stem rot (60%), LLS (63%), Rust (64%) with ICBR of 1:8.3. At Raichur (Karnataka) it was effective in managing diseases viz. collar rot (56%), Stem rot (35%), Dry root rot (46%), ELS (9%), LLS (28%) with ICBR of 1:9.2.
  • Seed treatment with Trichoderma @ 4 g/kg seed + Need based spray of Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.3 mL/L + Need based spray of Novaluron 10 EC @  1 mL/L for defoliator 50-70 DAS + Need based spray of Tebuconazole 25.9 EC @ 1.5 mL/L 50-70 DAS was effective at Kadiri (Andhra Pradesh) in managing diseases viz. Stem rot (16%), ELS (39%), Rust (47%), Alternaria (41%), and insect-pests like Leafhopper (22%), Thrips (30%) with ICBR of  1:7.2. It was also effective at Junagadh (Gujarat) in managing ELS (36%), LLS (23%) and defoliators (42%) with net realization of ₹83681.
  • Application of paclobutrazol in different concentrations had significant effect on yield of groundnut crop and among all the different concentrations of paclobutrazol, the application of paclobutrazol @100 ppm i.e. treatment C3 recorded significantly highest pod, haulm and kernel yield (2644, 3933 and 1977 kg ha-1, respectively) The increment in pod yield due to paclobutrazol application @ 100 ppm over absolute control (C6) was to the tune of 36.92%. Economics of the treatments revealed that the highest net returns of Rs. 42565/- was obtained with the application of paclobutrazol @ 100 ppm with a higher B: C ratio of 1.48.
  • At Dharwad, significantly higher groundnut pod equivalent yield was obtained with Groundnut+Cotton (4:2)cropping system. At Jalgaon, significantly higher groundnut pod equivalent yield was found withGroundnut+Pigeonpea (4:2) cropping system. At Junagadh, significantly higher groundnut podequivalent yield was found in the Groundnut-coriander cropping sequence. At Vridhachalam significantly higher groundnut pod equivalent yield was obtained with groundnut-groundnut cropping sequence.
  • For obtaining highest pod yield and net returns from Kharif groundnut seed treatment with DAPG 1 is recommended which would yield Maximum dry pod yield (2410.4 kg/ha) with DAPG 1 with maximum net return (Rs. 81437.8) and B:C ratio (2.7)
  • As a low-cost technology, seed treatment with any DGREB Culture with normal inter-culturing especially DGRB-4 for obtaining higher dry pod yield and higher returns