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AICRP on Nematodes
(AICRP-Nematodes)

Research Highlights

TNAU Coimbatore

Pre-treat the suckers with 40 g carbofuran 3G for the control of root-knot, burrowing and lesion nematodes. If pre-treatment is not done, apply 40 g carbofuran around each plant one month after planting or pare and dip the corm into 0.75% Monocrotophos solution; shade dry and plant. Grow sunhemp after 45th day and incorporate one month later. Apply press mud @ 15 t per ha and neem cake 1.5 t per ha one month after planting.

Apply 60 g carbofuran 3G or 20 g phorate 10G per vine a week before pruning and irrigate the plots profusely for the control of root-knot nematode. The soil should not be disturbed for at least 15 days. Thereafter normal manuring may be done. Application of neem cake @ 200 g/vine also controls nematodes. Alternatively, apply Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 100 g per vine in talc formulation (15 x 108 cfu/g), 30 cm away from base of the vine at least 15 cm depth at the time of pruning.

Apply carbofuran 3G @ 1 g/polythene bag after germination at nursery stage for the control of root-knot nematode.

Apply carbofuran 3G at 10 g/m2 at sowing and 1 kg a.i./ha in the main field one week after transplanting. Treat the seeds with Trichoderma viride at 4 g/kg seed along with press mud at 5 kg/mfor nematode disease complex.

Apply neem cake @ 1 ton/ha at planting to control root knot nematode, Meloidogyne hapla.

  • Avoid growing potato year after year in the same field. Follow rotation of crop with vegetables (radish, garlic, cruciferous crops) and green manuring with lupin. Apply carbofuran 3G (1 kg a.i.) 33 kg/ha in furrows while seeding. For cyst nematode, grow resistant variety Kufri Swarna, using half the dose of the above nematicide.
  • Seed treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 20 g/kg seed and its soil application @ 2.5 kg/ha for managing potato cyst nematode
  • Soil application of Pseudomonas fluorescens or Trichoderma viride @ 2.5 kg/ha at the time of sowing for managing cyst nematode, Heterodera cajani.
  • Seed treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichoderma viride @ 5+5 g/kg seed for the management of cyst nematode in pigeonpea.

Seed treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 20 g/kg and its soil application @ 2.5 kg/ha for managing reniform nematode.

Seed treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 20 g/kg followed by its soil application @ 2.5kg/ha for managing reniform nematode.

Application of carbofuran 3G @ 1 kg a.i./ha both in nursery and in main field at 45 days after planting for managing rice root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola.

Apply Purpureocillium lilacinum (cfu 2 x 106/g) as seed treatment @ 10 g/kg seed followed by its soil application @ 50 g/m2 for the management of root-knot nematode, incognita.

AAU Anand

  • Green manuring with naffatia (Ipomoea fistulosa) leaves or water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) or aak (Calotropis) or congress grass (Parthenium hysterophora) each @ 3 kg/m2 before flowering, 15 days prior to seeding for the management of root-knot disease in nematode infested tomato nursery.
  • For the management of root-knot nematodes and weeds in tomato nursery, soil solarization through tarping with 100 gauge (25μm) LLDPE clear plastic film for 15 days during May is recommended. It increased number of transplantable seedlings by 61.5% and decreased root-knot disease and weeds by 66% and 93%, respectively.
  • Rabbing root-knot infested tomato nursery with bajra husk @ 7 kg/m2 a week prior to seeding for the management of root-knot disease.
  • Application of poultry manure @ 2 t/ha or 2.5 t/ha or 3 t/ha 15 days prior to seeding for the management of root-knot disease and getting more numbers of transplantable tomato seedlings.
  • Transplant apparently root-knot disease free tomato seedlings (cv. Pusa Ruby) for getting maximum fruit-yield with least root-knot disease. Farmers are discouraged to transplant moderately or heavily root-knot infected tomato seedlings as they decrease fruit yield by 11.6% and 7% and increase root-knot disease by 29% and 48.4% in nematode infested field, respectively.
  • For middle Gujarat tomato growers, poultry manure @ 2 t/ha followed by soil solarization with 100 gauge LLDPE clear film for 15 days in hot summer is recommended for the control of root-knot nematodes and higher production of tomato transplants in tomato nursery.
  • From quality parameters such as acidity (pH), taste, shape and colour of fruits, resistance to root-knot nematodes and leaf blight, seed/pulp ratio and yield viewpoints, variety SL-120 is superior over rest of the root-knot resistant tomato varieties under Gujarat conditions.
  • Tomato growers of middle Gujarat zone III are advised incorporation of green materials of naffatia and neem leaves each @ 2 kg/1.44 m2 or congress grass and neem leaves each @ 2 kg/1.44 m2 or aak, naffatia, congress grass and neem leaves each @ 1 kg/1.44 m2 15 to 20 days prior to tomato seeding for the management of root-knot disease and production of healthier transplantable seedlings in tomato nursery during kharif

Farmers growing kharif groundnut in middle Gujarat agro-climatic zone are advised to apply carbofuran @ 1 kg/ha coupled with neem oil @ 5 l/ha (@ 2000 l water/ha with 0.1% detergent powder) one day before sowing or castor cake @ 1000 kg/ ha one week before sowing under the crop row for the management of root-knot disease and obtaining higher groundnut yield.

Farmers of middle Gujarat raising papaya nursery variety Honey dew are advised to apply carbofuran @ 2 kg/ha a day or two prior to seeding for the management of root-knot disease and getting healthier transplants.

  • Fennel growers of Kapadwanj area of middle Gujarat agro-climatic Zone III are advised to apply neem cake @ 1000 kg/ha + phorate @ 1 kg/ha or neemguard @ 20 kg/ha + phorate @ 1 kg/ha or castor cake @ 1000 kg/ha + phorate 1 kg/ha for the management of root-knot disease and getting higher fennel yield. Cakes should be applied a week prior to transplanting while phorate and neemguard should be applied at the time of planting.

Cotton growers of middle Gujarat Zone III are advised to apply seed treatment of Gluconoacetobacter diazotriphicus strain 35-47 @ 100 g/5 kg cotton seed or seed dressing treatment with carbosulfan @ 0.75% w/w for the management of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica 2 and for higher cotton yield during kharif season.

The farmers of middle Gujarat growing vegetables are advised to grow root-knot resistant varieties i.e., cowpea variety – Anand Vegetable Cowpea-1 in kharif and tomato variety Hisar Lalit in rabi for three years to manage root-knot nematode.

  • The farmers of middle Gujarat growing kharif mungbean are advised to apply neem cake @ 1000 kg/ha + Trichoderma viride (2 x 10spores/g) @ 2.5 kg/ha, 10 days before sowing to manage root-knot nematodes and increase yield.
  • The farmers of middle Gujarat (AES III) growing mungbean during kharif season in root-knot nematode infested soil are advised to adopt crop rotation of cabbage in rabi and cluster bean (vegetable purpose) in summer for two years to manage root-knot nematodes.

The farmers of middle Gujarat are advised to apply Purpureocillium lilacinum (cfu 2 x 106 spores/g) @ 20 kg/ha + castor cake @ 2 t/ha in root zone, 12 to 18 inch away from tree trunk approximately 9-inch-deep in soil at 6-month interval to manage root-knot nematode with higher fruit yield.

BCKV Kalyani

  • Application of carbofuran 3G @ 1 kg a.i./ha in nursery bed 7 days prior to transplanting and same dose in main-field at 45 DAT proved effective against rice root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola).
  • Application of Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 20 g/m2 as nursery bed treatment effectively reduces graminicola in rice.
  • Nursery treatment with carbofuran @ 0.3 g a.i./m2 and soil application of Trichoderma viride @ 2.5 kg/ha at 45 DAT found effective for producing higher grain yield.
  • Soil solarisation with 25 mm sheet for 15 days during May + carbofuran @ 1 kg a.i./ha at 45 DAT found effective against graminicola populations in soil.

Seed dressing with carbosulfan 25 DAS @ 3% w/w followed by soil application of carbofuran 3G @ 1 kg a.i./ha proved highly effective against root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita).

  • Okra-rice-fallow or okra-cucumber-mustard cropping sequence suppressed soil population of root-knot nematode (M. incognita) in vegetables.
  • Soil application of Purpureocillium lilacinum @ 2.5 kg/ha in 2.5 t FYM reduced soil population of incognita and enhanced fruit yield of okra.
  • Application of biopesticide formulation of lilacinum/ Trichoderma harzianum (cfu 2 x 106) as seed treatment @ 20 g/ kg seed + P. lilacinum/ T. harzianum (cfu 2 x 106) @ 2.5 kg along with 2.5 tons of FYM prior to sowing of okra effective for suppressing soil nematode population and enhancing fruit yield.
  • lilacinum (cfu 2 x 106) @ 50 g/m2 in nursery bed (0.5 ton/ha) + P. lilacinum @ 5 kg along with 2.5 ton of FYM /ha in the main field prior to planting in tomato effective for suppressing soil nematode population and enhancing yield.
  • Seed treatment with neem seed kernel powder @ 5 g/kg seed + Trichoderma viride @ 5 g/kg seed proved effective against reniform nematode and enhanced seed yield of cowpea.
  • Soil application of neem cake @ 100 g/m2 + Trichoderma viride @ 2.5 kg/ha found effective against reniform nematode and enhancing yield of cowpea.

Paring + hot water treatment of banana suckers at 55C for 20 minutes + carbofuran 3G @ 0.5 g a.i./plant + neem cake @1 kg/plant in the pit before planting proved effective for reduction of major phytonematodes and enhancement of fruit yield of banana.

Foliar nematode (Aphelenchoides besseyi) can be effectively managed by adopting following practices:

  • Bulbs should be soaked overnight either in plain water or in 5% neem seed kernel extract (home preparation from neem) or dip the bulbs in monocrotophos 36 SL at 0.05% for 6 hours.
  • After sprouting of bulbs, spray monocrotophos 36 SL 0.05% 3-4 times at 15 days’ interval.
  • In the second and third year crop, spray monocrotophos 36 SL at 0.05% at 15 days’ interval starting from April onwards.
  • Clean cultivation of tuberose including destruction of nematode infested plant parts.
  • Growing nematode tolerant cultivars Prajwal, Phule Rajani and Shringar of tuberose.

CCS HAU Hisar

  • For the management of Earcockle and Tundu diseases, put the contaminated seed in plain water or 10% salt solution (followed by 2-3 washings in plain water). Remove the floating galls with a sieve, dry healthy seeds in shade before sowing.
  • For the management of Molya disease:
  • Two to three deep ploughings during May/June at 10-15 days’ interval.
  • Rotation of wheat/barley with mustard or gram for 1-2 years.
  • Grow resistant barley var. BH 393, BH 75/wheat var. Raj MR-1.
  • Early sowing of wheat (up to 15th November).
  • In heavy infestation, application of carbofuran @ 1 kg/ha at sowing.
  • Seed treatment with Azotobacter chrocooccum HT-54 (Azotica) @ 50 ml/10 kg seed. Dry in shade.

Application of carbofuran @ 1 kg/ha at nursery sowing for the management of rice root nematode.

For the management of root-knot disease in tomato, brinjal, okra:

  • Two to three deep ploughings during May/June at 10-15 days’ interval.
  • Application of carbofuran @ 1 kg/ha at nursery sowing (except okra).
  • Grow root-knot nematode resistant variety Hisar Lalit of tomato.
  • Soil application of Trichoderma viride @ 2.5 kg/ha at the time of sowing of okra.
  • Use neem cake @ 750 g per min nursery beds of tomato.
  • Application of carbofuran @ 13 g/m2 (about 9 m2 around a plant) just before flowering; pulverize the soil in the basin area and mix the chemical thoroughly followed by flood irrigation for the management of citrus nematode.
  • Application of carbofuran @ 7 g/m+ 1 kg neem cake (about 9 m2 around a plant) just before flowering; pulverize the soil in the basin area and mix the chemical thoroughly followed by flood irrigation for the management of citrus nematode
  • Application of carbofuran @ 13 g/m2 (about 9 m2 around a plant) just before flowering; pulverize the soil in the basin area and mix the chemical thoroughly followed by flood irrigation for the management of root-knot nematode.
  • Application of carbofuran @ 7 g/m2 in combination with garlic as intercrop in between vine rows for the management of root-knot nematode.

For the management of Aphelenchoides apply 4% (w/v) Neem Seed Kernel Extract (NSKE) at spawning @ 7.5 lt per q compost as prophylactic measure.

For the management of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita seed treatment with Gluconoacetobacter diazotrophicus strain 35-47 (Biotica) @ 50 ml per 5 kg seed. Dry in shade.

For the management of root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne application of neem cake @ 30 g/spot + seed treatment with Gluconoacetobacter diazotrophicus strain 35-47 @ 50 ml/2 kg seed.

  • Soil solarization by 2-3 deep summer ploughings in the month of May-June at 15 days interval followed by light irrigation and covering of soil with 25 micron transparent polythene sheet for 30 days during June-July for the management of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne).
  • Soil application of Trichoderma viride @ 20 g/m2, mixed with neem cake/FYM/Vermicompost @ 100 g/ m2 in the beds for the management of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne) in tomato.

CSAUA&T Kanpur

  • Deep summer ploughing of nematode infested field 2-3 times at an interval of 10-15 days during hot summer.
  • Avoid continuous growing of vegetable crops and use non-host crops like mustard, garlic, cereals at least for 2-3 years in suitable cropping system.
  • Use nematode-free transplants and raise nursery in nematode-free soil.
  • Nursery bed treatment with carbofuran @ 0.3 g a.i./m2 + bare root dip treatment of seedlings with carbosulfan 25 EC in 500 ppm for one hour before transplanting.
  • In direct seeded crops like okra, cucurbits seed treated with carbosulfan 25 EC @ 3% a.i. w/w along with deep summer ploughing of field.
  • Nursery bed treatment with Purpureocillum lilacinum @ 50 g/m2 for management of root-knot nematode.
  • Deep summer ploughing 2-3 times during May & June and sowing of wheat in first fortnight of November.
  • Use of non-host crop like mustard, chickpea, green gram and coriander continuously at least two to three year.
  • Seed treatment with rhizospheric bacteria, Azotobacter chroocococcum (Strain HT-54).
  • Application of carbofuran 3G @ 30 kg/ha in soil at sowing time.
  • Use of cockle-free certified seed or removal of cockle from the contaminated seed either by water flotation/salt sedimentation (Wheat seed dipped in 10% salt solution for 5-10 minute).
  • Crop rotation with potato, groundnut and black gram.
  • Sumer solarization of nursery beds of rice for 15 days and nursery bed treatment of rice with carbofuran 3G @ 30 g/m2 and field application of carbofuran 3G @ 30 kg/ha after 40 days of transplanting.
  • Soaking rice seeds in 0.1% (v/v) solution of carbosulfan 25 EC reduced eggs mass production of graminicola.
  • Use of bioagents, Pseudomonas fluorescence @ 20 g/m2 in nursery bed treatment.
  • Deep summer ploughing of field and seed treatment with carbosulfan 25 DS @ 3% w/w.
  • Intercropping of green gram + sesame, pigeonpea + sorghum, chickpea + mustard in 2:1 ratio.
  • Seed treatment with Trichoderma viride @ 10 g/kg seed before sowing.
  • Application of NSKP @ 5 g/kg + Trichoderma viride @ 5 g/kg seed is effective against Heterodera cajani.
  • Use of bio-agents Pseudomonas fluorescence or Trichoderma viride @ 10 g/kg seed is effective against root-knot nematode, pigeon-pea cyst nematode and lesion nematode.
  • Chickpea seed treatment with NSKP @ 10% w/w or Trichoderma viride @ 10 g/kg seed is effective against Pratylenchus thornei.

MPKV Rahuri

  • Application of carbofuran 3G @ 10 g or phorate 10 G @ 3 g/m2 at seeding in the nursery beds and spot application of carbofuran 3G @ 33 kg or phorate 10 G @ 10 kg + neem cake @ 400 kg/ha at the base of plant 10 days after transplanting for the control of root-knot nematode.
  • Seedling bare root-dip treatment of carbosulfan 25 EC @ 0.1% for 6 hours before transplanting for the control of root-knot nematode.

Seed treatment of carbosulfan 25 DS or carbofuran 25 ST @ 3% a.i. w/w (120 g/kg seed) for the control of root-knot nematode.

  • Seed treatment of carbofuran 25 ST @ 3% a.i. w/w + carbendazim @ 0.2% for the control of root-knot nematode and wilt.
  • Soil application of neem cake @ 100 kg + Trichoderma viride (cfu 2 x 10/g) @ 2.5 kg along with 200 kg FYM/ha at sowing for the management of root-knot nematode.

Seed dressing with NSKP and Trichoderma viride (cfu 2 x 106/g) each at 5 g/kg seed before sowing for the management of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita.

Seed treatment of carbosulfan 25 DS @ 3% a.i. w/w for the control of root-knot nematode.

Soil application of Pseudomonas fluorescens or Purpureocillium lilacinum (cfu 2 x 106/g) @ 2.5 kg/ha through 100 kg FYM/ha at sowing for the management of reniform nematode.

Soil application of carbofuran 3G @ 33 kg or Purpureocillium lilacinum (cfu 2 x 106/g) @ 2.5 kg/ha through 100 kg FYM at sowing for the management of reniform nematode.

Soil application of Pseudomonas fluorescens or Trichoderma viride (cfu 2 x 106/g) @ 20 kg/ha through 100 kg FYM at ‘Bahar’ (Blossom) for the management of root-knot nematode.

Soil application of Pseudomonas fluorescens (cfu 2 x 106/g) @ 20 kg/ha through 100 kg FYM at ‘Bahar’ for the management of citrus nematode infesting sweet orange.

Soil application of Pseudomonas fluorescens (cfu 2 x 106/g) @ 20 kg/ha through 100 kg moist FYM at October pruning for the management of root-knot nematode.