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AICRP on Castor
(AICRP-Castor)

Centre-wise achievements

  • One variety (ANDCI-8) and two hybrids (ANDCH-11-01 and ANDCH-11-05) were nominated to AICRP trials
  • 30 new monoecious lines (ANDCI 1 to 17) and 78 new pistillate lines were identified
  • 194 new crosses were evaluated and 162 individual plant progenies were selected for development of monoecious lines
  • 84297 kg of TFL seeds of GCH 7 hybrid produced and distributed to the farmers.
  •  Two newly developed hybrids, PHT-BP-14-14 (1514 kg/ha) and PHT-BP-14-3 (1508 kg/ha) recorded 18.4 % and 17.9% higher yield than the check hybrid DCH-177(1279kg/ha), respectively. OBCH-1 (PHT-BP-14-3) with higher seed yield (1508 kg/ha), higher oil content (49.38%) and tolerance to wilt is now under IVHT 2018-19. 
  • Out of different varieties and hybrids of castor tested, the hybrids DCH-1715 (1420 kg/ha) and PCH-111 (1277 kg/ha) showed promise. These two hybrids are now tested under State multilocation trial to test their suitability for Odisha conditions.
  • Among pre-released varieties/lines tested under coordinated trials, varieties JI-353, JI-368, SKI-307, SKI-324, SKI-333, SKI-337, MCI-3, MCI-11, JC-22, JC-26, JC-24 and hybrids RHC-231, RHC-199, RHC-264, SHB-871, SHB-890 and SHB-875were found promising.
  • Twenty one RG lines and eighteen parental lines received from DOR, Hyderabad and seven local land races were maintained through selfing for their future use in breeding programmes.
  • 12 new crosses were made for the traits like medium duration , long spikes, more capsules/primary and wilt tolerance, 35 new crosses were also made for the traits like short duration, more number of effective spikes, moderate number of capsules/primary and tolerance to wilt
  • 16 new crosses (Pistillate x pistillate) were made for development of pistillate lines of castor and are in F2 stage during 2017-18.
  • 15 new crosses for the traits like short duration, long spikes, tolerance to wilt, were made during 2013-14 for development of new castor hybrids.
  • Studies on optimization of production under resource constraints revealed that non adoption of weeding and non adoption of fertilizer application are the most critical factors limiting higher productivity in castor.
  • Out of different sources of Sulphur, application of 20 kg S through SSP or Gypsum was found beneficial for higher production in castor. It could give 27 – 32% higher yield than no sulphur application.
  • A spacing of 90cm x 60cm was found optimum for higher production in castor under rainfed upland eco-system during kharif
  • 40 Frontline Demonstrations were conducted.
  • HCH-6, an early maturing, wilt resistant hybrid was released for rainfed regions of Karnataka.
  • The pistilate lines DPC-9, M-574, VP-1, Geetha and LRES-17 recorded higher percentage of pistilateness over others.
  • Standard package of practices for castor cultivation in Karnataka were developed.
    • Application of 100 kg N/ha in three splits and spacing of 90 x 60 cm for GCH-4 castor hybrid is found to be optimum under irrigated condition.
    • Recommended dose of fertilizer for castor under rainfed conditions for Karnataka 40 kg N:40 kg P2O5 :25 kg K2
    • Spacing of 60 x 45 cm is found to be optimum for DCS-9 and DCH-32.
  • Inter cropping:
    • Green gram, black gram, avare, groundnut and coriander identified as successful intercrops with castor.
    • Castor varieties Jyothi and Kranthi and GCH-4 are suitable for intercropping system. Jyothi and Kranthi have given 150-180% highest yield compared to local varieties.
  • Response of castor to fertilizers:
  • Recorded linear increase in castor yield with increase in nitrogen dose from 0 to 120 kg N//ha (1359 kg/ha and 1898 kg N//ha). The response to 120 kg N//ha was due to more plant height (30.3 cm to 36.2 cm), spikes/plant (5 to 8) and capsules/spikes (31 to 36). With regard to Phosphorus, application of 30 kg P2 O5/ha remaining comparable with the 60 kg P2O5/ha gave substantially higher yield of 1602 kg/ha and 1708 kg/ha respectively than no Phosphorous application.
  • Comparative assessment of yield gain from castor hybrids in relation to fertilizer input: There was a linear increase in castor seed yield (1011kg/ha to 1557kg/ha) with increase in fertilizer dose from 0 through 150% RDF. Application of 150% RDF out yielded (1557kg/ha) the lower dose of fertilizer, whereas 50% RDF and 100%RDF were comparable in yields (1223kg/ha and 1312kg/ha respectively), while the lowest yield was obtained with no fertilizer (1011kg/ha). The better response of the crop up to 150% RDF.
  • Multilocation trail on nipping techniques in castor (Kharif): Nipping techniques plot has recorded (1164 kg/ha) higher seed yield over normal practices (1080 kg/ha).
  • Optimization of castor production under resource constraints: The results showed that adoption of recommended package resulted significantly higher yield (1534 kg ha-1) over other treatments. Withdrawal of weeding caused substantial reduction in yield (57%) followed by fertilizer (30%) and plant protection (12%) compared to full recommended package. Non adoption of three factors gave the lowest yield (406 kg ha-1). Thus weeding emerged to be the most limiting production factor.
  • Response of castor to sulphur: Castor crop produced significantly higher yield (1385 kg ha-1) with the application of gypsum @ 20 kg ha-1over control. But yield of castor with 20 kg of gypsum, SSP and elemental sulphur were comparable. Maximum yield with application of gypsum @20 kg ha-1 was attributed to improved yield attributes number of spikes per plant, length of primary spike and the number of capsules per plant.
  • Study on relay intercropping of groundnut in castor under rainfed condition: Introduction of groundnut as relay intercrop does not affected castor yield. Highest castor equivalent yield (1561 kg ha-1) was recorded in simultaneous sowing of castor and groundnut in 1:2 ratio and it was significantly superior over sole castor. However it was comparable with simultaneous sowing of castor and groundnut in 1:3 ratio and relay intercropping of groundnut at 15 and 30 DAS of castor in 1:2 row proportions.
  • Relay intercropping of castor in mungbean under rainfed condition: Significantly higher castor equivalent yield (1164 kg ha-1) was obtained in simultaneous sowing of mungbean and castor in 1:1 ratio over relay intercropping of castor at 30 DAS of mungbean but comparable with sole castor yield.
  • 89 Frontline Demonstrations assigned and conducted.
  • Eighteen species of insect pests were recorded on castor at Hiriyur and sixteen species at Bangalore. Among these serpentine leaf miner, semilooper and shoot and capsule borer found to be major insect pests.
  • Temporal distribution of the major castor pests revealed that leaf miner was active during mid August to mid September, Semilooper during mid September to mid October and shoot and capsule borer during mid December at both Hiriyur and Bangalore.
  • Total 232 hybrids were made using diverse parents out of them 51 hybrids were identified and evaluated in state trials. Moreover, 38 inbred lines were evaluated in state trials.
    • One wilt resistant, high yielding variety, GC-3 released for Gujrat.
    • 13 genotypes nominated to AICRP trials
    • Centre has developed a large number of pistillate (>100) and male (>300) lines, JP-65, female parent of GCH-6 and JP-96 pistillate line to GCH-8 hybrid.
    • Inbred lines viz., JI-422, JI-423, JI-429, JI-434 and JI-436 were resistant to wilt and root rot in sick plot at SKNagar and Junagadh, respectively.
    • Medium duration hybrids JHB-953, JHB-957, JHB-958, JHB-968, JHB-969, JHB-973, JHB-975, JHB-977, JHB-980, JHB-981 and JHB-985 were promising at different locations over years.
    • Male lines viz., JI-342, JI-344, JI-355, JI-362, JI-363, JI-368, JI-372, JI-384, JI-388, JI-397, JI-401, JI-402, JI-403, JI-405, JI-406, JI-411, JI-412, and JI-413 were promising at multi-location State trials. Out of them JI-342, JI-353 and JI-384 were resistant to wilt and JI-368 was found wilt free in wilt sick plots.
    • Inbred lines viz., JI-244, JI-368, JI-258, JI-384 and JI-388 resistant, while JI-388, JI-396, and JI-398 were tolerant to root rot in sick plot at Junagadh.
    • Developed best management practices for irrigated castor in South Saurashtra Agro- Climatic Zone
      • Apply 20 kg sulphur per hectare in the form of gypsum (154 kg/ha) along with recommended NP (75-40 kg/ha) as DAP and urea or as an alternative package, the crop should be fertilized with RDF (75-40 kg NP/ha) in the form of single super phosphate and urea for obtaining maximum yield and net return.
      • Sowing castor at spacing of 150cm x 60cm and @ 50 kg/ha K2O along with recommended dose of nitrogen (120 kg/ha)and phosphorus (50 kg/ha) recommended for higher returns
      • Weed free condition by 3 hand weedings and inter culturing or apply trifluralin @ 1.0 kg a.i./ha as pre-emergence and quizalofop ethyl @ 0.050kg a.i./ha as post emergence for effective weed control and net return.
      • Application of trifluralin 48% EC 1 kg a.i./ha (42 ml/10 lit.) as pre-emergence + quizalofop-p-ethyl 5% EC 0.05 kg a.i./ ha (20 ml/10 lit.) as post emergence (25 days after sowing) or pendimethalin 30% EC 1 kg a.i/ha (67 ml/10 lit.) as pre-emergence + quizalofop-p-ethyl 5% EC 0.05 kg a.i /ha (20 ml/10 lit.) as post emergence (25 days after sowing) had effective weed control.
    • The farmers of South Saurashtra Agro-climatic Zone growing soybean were advised to adopt relay intercropping system with castor by sowing castor at 30 day after sowing of soybean with row ratio of 1:2 (castor: soybean)for getting higher returns.
    • Application of 40 kg P2O5/ha and seed treatment with phosphate solubilising microorganism(Chaetomium globosum) @ 30 g inoculants/ 50 g seed along with recommended dose of nitrogen (120 kg/ha) recommended for higher returns.
    • The centre has maintained a permanent sick plot for the screening of root rot of castor caused by Macrophomina phaesolina. A large number of breeding materials/ germplasms were screened every year in this sick plot by a standard screening procedure having susceptible and resistant check after every five test entries.
    • A rapid screening technique; stem tape inoculation technique for identifying resistant sources to root rot of castor has been developed.
    • Out of 858 entries screened for thrips and leaf hopper, 135 entries were resistant/tolerant against thrips and leaf hopper.
    • 150 frontline demonstrations were conducted.
    • 740 kg breeder and other truthful label seeds produced
  • Two varieties viz., Chandraprabha and Baliyachayan are released for cultivation in Uttar Pradesh.
    • Under irrigated condions of Uttar Pradesh, seeding castor between 15th June to 15th July, adopting a spacing of 90 x 90cm and application of 80 kg N, 30 kg P2O5 and 30 kg K2O/ha is recommended to achieve maximum seed yield and economic returns.
    • Under irrigated  conditions,  seeding  castor  between  15  June  to  15  July,  adopting  a  spacing  of  90 cm x 90 cm  and  application  of  80 kg N, 30 kg P2O5  and  30 kg K2O/ha  was  recommended  to  achieve  maximum  seed  yield  and  economic returns.
    • Application of 20 kg P2O5/ha + seed treatment of castor with bio-phos @ 600g/kg seed/ha increased the seed yield and economic returns in irrigated conditions
    • Application of 20 kg S/ha through SSP resulted in significantly higher seed yield (1947 kg/ha) and income (B:C ratio of 3.6 ) under irrigated conditions.
    • 80 frontline demonstrations were conducted.

 

  • A total of 1504 single plant selections were made in segregating generations
  • In all, about 44 single crosses for the traits such as higher seed yield, oil content and wilt resistance were made. A total of 189 experimental hybrids were developed through various methods such as single cross and Diallel matting design. A total of 265 hybrids evaluated under preliminary hybrid trials.
  • A high yielding, wilt resistant variety MCI 8 was identified for irrigated conditions of Rajasthan by the State Varietal Release Committee, Rajasthan.
  • One hundred eighty nine experimental hybrids were developed. 214 germplasm lines were supplied to GMU, DOR, Hyderabad for characterization and multilocation evaluation. These lines are derived lines of breeding programme undertaken at ARS, Mandor.
  • Best management practices developed for Rajasthan
    • Castor hybrid GCH 7 at 150 cm x 90 cm spacing along with application of 40 kg K2O is recommended in western Rajasthan.
    • Application of 1/3 nitrogen as basal and 2/3 in four splits at 30, 70, 90 and 110 days after sowing along with drip irrigation water was found best practice.
    • Early (10thJuly) and delayed (10th August) planting time significantly reduced the seed yield of castor compared to timely (25th July) sown crop.
    • Application of 20 kg P2O5/ha+seed treatment with PSB registered significantly higher seed yield and net returns which was at par with 40 kg P2O5/ha + PSB.
  • Weed management in irrigated castor
    • Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 1.0 kg/ha super imposed with inter culture at 40 DAS maintained weed free condition throughout the crop pendency and produced seed yield at par with weed free condition.
    • Early post emergence application of quizalofop ethyl (Turga Super) at 0.05 kg/ha and fenoxy prop ethyl (Whip Super) @ 0.05 kg /ha was found effective in controlling weeds of castor crop but the extent of control was significantly lower compared to pre emergence application of pendimethalin at 1.0 kg/ha super imposed with inter culture at 40 DAS.
  • Studies on intercropping:
    • Intercropping studies under irrigated conditions revealed that the castor yield was not significantly influenced by raising intercrops like mung bean, moth bean and sesame, indicating compatibility of the companion crops in the system.
    • Castor + mung bean in 1:1 ratio was found most remunerative system than other intercropping systems and sole castor.
  • Integrated nutrient management:
    • Application of 75% RDF + 25% N through FYM + Azospirillum (seed treatment @ 100 g/kg seed) + PSB (@ 600 g/ha with sufficient quantity of FYM applied in furrows at sowing) recorded highest seed yield of castor which remained at par with 100 % recommended dose of nutrients through inorganic sources.
    • Effective in improving soil organic carbon, available phosphorus and available potassium content significantly compared to 100% recommended dose through in organic fertilizers. However, the bulk density remained un affected due to INM.
    • Application of 150% RDF (120 kg N, 75 kg P2O5 and 30 kg S/ha) recorded significantly higher seed yield, maximum net returns and B:C ratio .
    • The efficacy of bio-phos (Chaetomium globosum, a phosphorus mobilizing fungi) was prominent when biophos culture was applied as seed treatment @ 30g/50g seed at lower dose of phosphorus (20 P2O5 kg/ha) compared to higher levels (40 or 60 kg P2O5/ha).
    • Soil available phosphorus recorded at 50 and 90 DAS was improved significantly with biophos culture applied as seed treatment @ 30g/50g seed.
  • Irrigation management:
    • Evaluation of drip irrigation system in castor against check basin system revealed that application of irrigation through emitter at 1.0 unit volume of water gave maximum mean seed yield.
    • The seed yield obtained at 1.0 unit volume of water with drip irrigation system also recorded higher water use efficiency (12.6 kg/mm) and water saving (31.2%) compared to check basin system.
  • Total 89 Frontline demonstration of whole package laid out during 2007 to 2011 revealed 42 per cent higher seed yield over farmers practice grown castor crop with additional net return of Rs.20,293/ha.
  • 20 and 14 FLDs of RDF and IPM gave 34 and 21 per cent higher seed yield over castor grown through farmer practice of fertilization and insect control, respectively.
  • 5 demos of intercropping and whole package gave 44 per cent higher seed yield. Respective increase in seed yield due to introduction of new hybrids in FLDs was 30 per cent over farmers grown hybrid/varieties.
  • 0 qtl Breeder seed/truthfully labeled seed was produced.
  • 134 frontline demonstrations were conducted during 2011-2016.

 

  • GNCH-1 (NCH-1), a high yielding (2545 kg/ha), wilt and leafhopper resistant hybrid released for Gujarat under rabi conditions.
  • Weeding, application of recommended fertilizer and plant protection measures were found as limiting the production.
  • GCH-7 was found very promising for this region.
  • Application of 120 kg N/ha has been reported to increase the seed yield.
  • 55 frontline demonstrations were conducted.
  • Application of 120 kg N/ha in 3 equal splits recorded higher returns for irrigated rabi castor in southern Guajart
  • Application of pendimethalin 1kg/ha followed by 2 hand weeding at 40 and 60 DAS gave higher returns

 

  • Two hybrids viz., PCH-111 and PCH-222 with an yield advantage of 1400-1800 kg/ha are released for Andhra Pradesh
  • One variety PCS-262 (yield potential of 1200-1500 kg/ha under rainfed and 2500-2800 kg/ha under irrigated conditions) with early maturity having resistance to wilt was released.
  • Six varieties/hybrids viz., PCH-234, PCH-244, PCH-222, PCH-111, PCH-248, PCH-254 were contributed to AICRP trials
  • 159 new crosses for the traits such as higher seed yield/wilt resistance/early maturity were made and 14 new promising breeding lines were developed and utilized in the breeding programme to develop varieties/hybrids.
  • Best management practices developed for rainfed conditions of Telangana
    • Established the system of dry sowing of castor by following application of harvested water (farm pond) through pot watering method for successful germination and establishment in the event of late onset of monsoon.
    • Seed treatment with biophos + application of 20 kg P2O5 ha-1 as basal for red sandy loam soils under rainfed conditions gave higher yield (1439 to 1696 kg ha-1) and net returns (Rs.25675 to 32120 ha-1) and B:C ratio (2.13 to 2.21) with additional net returns of Rs. 2096 to 2500 ha-1.
    • Post emergence herbicides like Quizalofop-p-ethyl (50 g a.i. ha-1), Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (60 g a.i. ha-1) and Cyhalofop butyl (100 g a.i. ha-1) were identified as effective in controlling grassy weeds viz., Panicum sp, Digitaria sanguinalis, Echinochloa sp and Rotobolia exhltata when sprayed at 15-20 DAS and were safer to castor.
    • Foliar application of ZnSO4 @ 0.5% twice at 50 and 90 DAS resulted higher seed yield (1698 kg ha-1) and gross returns (Rs. 54344 ha-1), net returns (Rs. 33501 ha-1) and B:C ratio (2.60) under rainfed conditions.
  • Best management practices developed for rabi conditions of Telangana:
    • Cultivation of castor during rabi season was found profitable and gave more returns per rupee invested (2.76) even though higher gross and net returns were noted in sole groundnut and castor+groundnut intercropping (5:1 or 7:1)
    • Irrigation at 50 to 75 mm CPE and sowing on Oct 1st was found to be better for rabi castor in terms of bean yield (20-23 q/ha), net returns, b:c ratio and oil yield. Rabi castor has responded significantly upto 80 kg N/ha.
    • Greengram or maize was identified as remunerative preceding kharif crops to rabi castor in Southern Telangana Zone of Andhra Pradesh.
    • Adoption of drip irrigation @ 0.6 pan evaporation (PE) and fertigation at 120 kg N/ha to rabi castor was found to have enhanced castor seed yield by 66 to 75% as compared to control. Water saving was to the tune of 30.0%.
    • Castor cultivation is profitable in rice fallows (Rs. 26428 ha-1; 1.72) in the areas with irrigation facility and where wild boar is a problem.
  • Integrated resource management:
    • Efficient methods of irrigation for utilizing harvested water in order to give life saving irrigation to castor during mid/terminal drought. Nearly 15-20% yield advantage was observed with one irrigation through drip. On the other hand, yield advantage due to sprinkler irrigation was 8-25%.
    • Selective mechanisation (Mechanization during intercultivation, spraying, harvesting and threshing) in kharif castor helped to save 22 labour and 54 hours time per ha besides enhancing the seed yield by 13.2%, reducing the cost of cultivation by Rs. 3375 ha-1 and increasing the net returns by Rs. 9448 ha-1 over normal practice
  • Integrated pest management
    • IPM module (application of Btk @ 1 g/l, monitoring of Spodoptera using pheromone traps 4/acre from 30 DAS to November, collection and destruction of gregarious stages of defoliators, application of flubendiamide @ 0.2 ml/l for Spodoptera when foliar damage reached 25% and profenophos @ 1ml/l for capsule borer and leafhopper when damage reached 10%) resulted in better control of insect pests with highest cost benefit ratio (1: 1.98, respectively) compared to farmers’ practice (1: 1.58).
    • Mechanical control and monocrotophos spray was effective in controlling the defoliator population particularly Spodoptera and Bihar hairy caterpillar.
    • Karanj oil @ 5 ml/lit can be used effectively against semilooper upto III instar stage.
    • Spinosad @ 0.3 ml/lit or Indoxacarb @ 1 ml/lit or Thiodicarb @ 1.5 g/lit were highly effective against defoliators viz., Semilooper, Spodoptera and Bihar hairy caterpillar
    • Spinosad @ 0.3 ml/lit or Indoxacarb @ 1 ml/lit or Acepahte @ 1.5 g/lit effectively control the capsule borer
    • Emamectin benzoate @ 0.5 g/lit or Rynaxypyr @ 0.3 ml/lit or Flubendiamide @ 0.2 g/lit were effective for defoliators viz., semilooper, Spodoptera and Bihar hairy caterpillar and were cost effective.
  • 200 Frontline demonstrations assigned and conducted
  • 5 qtls of breeder seed was produced
  • Major castor centre which contributed to the release of most popular castor hybrids like GCH-4, GCH-7 and varieties like GAUC-1, GC-2 etc
  • Several varieties/Hybrids viz., S-20, J-1, GCH-3, GAUCH-1, GAUC-1, GCH-2, GC-2 and GCH-6 are released for Gujarat state. GCH-4 and GCH-5 are released for national level
  • Thirty six varieties/hybrids of castor are nominated for AICRP trials.
  • Nearly 300 male and 150 pistillate lines developed and utilized in the breeding programme to develop varieties/hybrids:
  • 19 varieties/hybrids nominated to AICRP trails:
  • One hybrid, GCH-8 with 3588 kg/ha seed yield and wilt resistance released
  • Developed best management practices of castor cultivation for Gujarat
    • Under light textured soils with assured irrigation facility, GCH-5 or GCH 7 hybrid at a distance of 150 cm x 120 cm for higher yield and net returns.
    • Rabi castor : after kharif green gram, select GCH 5 and grow at a distance of 120 cm x 60 cm for higher yield.
    • For higher yield and economics returns, castor should be grown keeping and maintaining single plant per hill
  • Intercropping
    • Adopt inter cropping of castor in cotton instead of sole cotton for obtaining higher cotton equivalent yield and net return by sowing cotton during 1st week of June with spacing of 180 cm x 60 cm and castor during 1st week of August between two rows of cotton keeping 60 cm distance between two plants.
    • North Gujarat agro-climatic zone having light textured soils and assured irrigation facility : intercropping system of mungbean with castor instead of sowing sole crop of castor for getting higher net monetary returns. Both the crops should be sown simultaneously. One row of mungbean should be sown in between two rows of castor sown at 120 cm x 60 cm spacing.
  • Integrated nutrient management : select GCH 7 and fertilizers with 180 : 37.5 : 00 kg NPK/ha (150 % RDF) for getting higher yield. The farmers who have grown GCH 4 should be apply recommended dose of fertilizers (120: 25: 00 NPK kg/ha).
  • Among the different inputs, fertilizer component was found most critical followed by weeding and plant protection. In case of combined effects of two inputs, fertilizers and weeding stood on top by contributing 46 per cent in seed yield. The combine contribution of all three components was 51.3 per cent in respect of seed yield of castor.
  • A total of 175 frontline demonstrations were conducted.
  • 68 qtls of breeder seed was produced

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    • Castor hybrid, YRCH-1 with an yield advantage of 1800-3000 kg/ha has been released for Tamil Nadu state
    • Released one castor hybrid (YRCH 2) with average yield of 2089 kg/ha and resistance to wilt and tolerant to semilooper, spodoptera, leafhopper and capsule borer.
    • Four varieties/ hybrids nominated to AICRP trials
    • 302 new crosses made for the traits such as higher seed yield and wilt resistance
    • Three promising breeding lines developed and utilized in the breeding programme to develop varieties/ hybrids and two varieties/ hybrids nominated to AICRP trials
    • 60 kg P2O5 + seed treatment with bio-phos @ 600g/kg of seed gave higher productivity in castor under rainfed condition of Tamil Nadu.
    • Mechanization in castor cultivation (sowing, intercultural operation, spraying and harvesting) recommended for realizing higher profitability with less labour and time
    • IPM module registered highest seed yield (1084 kg/ha), Microplitis maculipennis parasitization (37.4%) ,B:C ratio(1.74) and  lowest population of insect pest.
    • For controlling wilt in castor, seed treatment and soil application of Trichoderma harzianum @ 10g/kg &1.0 kg along with 100kg FYM were recommended.
    • Spraying of Trichoderma asperellum @ 0.2 % or carbendazim @ 0.1% is recommended for effective control of Botrytis grey mold in castor.
    • Seed priming with 1% KCI for 3 hours and sowing a week before onset of monsoon resulted in better seed yield in castor.
    • Inter cropping of castor with black gram (1:2) in rainfed situation
    • Application of 30 kg sulphur through gypsum produced substantially higher seed yield in castor.
    • Castor cultivation with onion intercrop system, reduced crop weed competition, better utilization of water and fertilizer was attained. A net return of Rs. 1,00,000 was realized with B:C ratio of 3:1 under irrigated situation
    • Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin 1 kg a.i/ha + interculture at 40 DAS gave higher yield and returns in castor
    • Major crop protection technology developed and recommended
    • Management of castor defoliators and capsule borer with Profenophos 0.05%
    • Foliar spray of carbendazim (0.1%) or Trichoderma viride (0.3%) on 45 and 60 days after sowing for effective control of Botrytis grey mold.
    • A total of 180 Frontline Demonstrations assigned and conducted
    • 8.97 qtls of breeder and truthfully labled seed was produced
    • Jyothi and DCH-177 were found promising and recommended for cultivation.
    • JCR-5 identified as resistance to wilt and root rot and having high oil content (53%) and single bloom.
    • JSR-5 and JCR-17 were identified for ericulture as well as seed yield.
    • 47 breeding lines from F1 to F3 generation were evaluated for further selection.
    • A fertilizer dose of 80 : 30 : 30 NPK kg/ha and 120 cm x 75 cm spacing have been recommend for higher yield.
    • Conducted multi location breeding trials
    • Conducted 10 FLDs and 2 field days

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      • Sixteen crosses attempted. Twenty five lines each of F2 and F3 breeding material were grown for advancement of their generation
      • Standardization and popularization of best management practices for sandy laom soils of Haryana was conducted through large scale FLDs under irrigated conditions
        • Best genotype: DCH-177
        • Sowing season: First fortnight of July
        • Spacing: 120-150 cm x 90 cm
        • For irrigated castor, 80- 120 kg N, 60 Kg P2O5 and 30 kg K2O per ha was recommneded.
        • Sulphur @ 12 Kg/acre through gypsum (approx. 2 bags/ acre) as basal dose be applied to castor.
        • Application of biophos recorded highest B:C ratio (4.22) closely followed by PSB (4.12) at highest level of P2O5 application
        • Application of 100% RDF through enriched castor meal recorded highest seed yield (36.53q/ha) of castor which was at par with integrated use of 25% RDF + 75 % through castor meal (36.22q/ha).
        • Two hoeing and weeding first at 3 weeks after sowing and second 6 weeks after sowing should be done for higher seed yield of castor.
        • Pendimethalin 1 kg a.i./ha (PE) in association with one intercultivation at 40 DAS (32.54q/ha) was at par with weed free conditions (33.37 q/ha) and farmers’ practice of 3 intercultivations.

       

      • Amongst intercropping systems, castor (150 cm X 60 cm) + mung bean in 1:3 ratio recorded highest castor seed yield (36.39q/ha.), net returns (Rs.92062) and B : C ratio (3.75). Two rows of clusterbean or mothbean at a 120 cm spacing
      • Under irrigated conditions castor hybrid should be applied with 120 kg N/ha and 60 kg
      • 175 frontline demonstrations were conducted.
      • 40 kg Breeder seed was produced.